Chicago Style of Citation is the standard method of citation for historical research and is often used in academic professional publishing. Thee main ways to cite in Chicago:
footnotes
bibliography
The footnotes tell readers where in the paper exactly you are using sources and who you are citing. Unlike MLA and APA that use “in-text citations,” Chicago removes citations from the body of your writing and places the citation in a footnote.
The Chicago Manual of Style by
Technologies may change, but the need for clear and accurate communication never goes out of style. That is why for more than one hundred years The Chicago Manual of Style has remained the definitive guide for anyone who works with words. In the seven years since the previous edition debuted, we have seen an extraordinary evolution in the way we create and share knowledge. This seventeenth edition of The Chicago Manual of Style has been prepared with an eye toward how we find, create, and cite information that readers are as likely to access from their pockets as from a bookshelf. It offers updated guidelines on electronic workflows and publication formats, tools for PDF annotation and citation management, web accessibility standards, and effective use of metadata, abstracts, and keywords. It recognizes the needs of those who are self-publishing or following open access or Creative Commons publishing models. The citation chapters reflect the ever-expanding universe of electronic sources--including social media posts and comments, private messages, and app content--and also offer updated guidelines on such issues as DOIs, time stamps, and e-book locators. Other improvements are independent of technological change. The chapter on grammar and usage includes an expanded glossary of problematic words and phrases and a new section on syntax as well as updated guidance on gender-neutral pronouns and bias-free language. Key sections on punctuation and basic citation style have been reorganized and clarified. To facilitate navigation, headings and paragraph titles have been revised and clarified throughout. And the bibliography has been updated and expanded to include the latest and best resources available. This edition continues to reflect expert insights gathered from Chicago's own staff and from an advisory board of publishing experts from across the profession. It also includes suggestions inspired by emails, calls, and even tweets from readers. No matter how much the means of communication change, The Chicago Manual of Style remains the ultimate resource for those who care about getting the details right.
First Name Last Name of Author, Title of Book (City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication).
First Name Last Name, Title of Book (City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication), Page Number.
Zadie Smith, Swing Time (New York: Penguin Press, 2016), 315–16.
First Name Last Name of Author, “Journal Article’s Title,” Title of Journal Volume and Issue Number (Date of Publication): Page number range of entire article
Susan Satterfield, “Livy and the Pax Deum,” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 170-180.
First Name Last Name of Author, “Journal Article’s Title,” Title of Journal Volume and Issue Number (Date of Publication): Page number where quoted text appears.
Susan Satterfield, “Livy and the Pax Deum,” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 175.
**If the website does not list an author go straight to the title.
First Name and Last Name of Author, “Title of Online Story,” Date you accessed article, full URL of website page.
“About Yale: Yale Facts,” Yale University, accessed May 1, 2017, https://www.yale.edu/about-yale/yale-facts.
First name and Last Name of Author, “Title of Talk,” Place given, Date given.
Wesley Bishop, “What is History,” Marian University, Indianapolis, Indiana, June 25, 2020.
Title of Work, directed/performed by First name Last name (Original release year; City: Studio/Distributor, video release year), medium you watched it in (ex. DVD, full URL of streaming site, Netflix, etc.).
Joe Versus the Volcano, directed by John Patrick Shanley (1990; Burbank CA: Warner Home Video, 2002), DVD.
Online tools that will help you generate citations and entries for your bibliography in the appropriate style.
Please note: often there are subtle differences in standard bibliographical entries - always refer to the published style manual if you are uncertain or don't find the appropriate entry online.