Citation Styles and Academic Formatting

CSE | Council of Science Editors (Biology & Life Sciences)

• Currently in 9th edition
• Used for scientific manuscripts
• CSE Manual

ACS | American Chemical Society (Chemistry)

• Standard for chemistry publications
• Guidelines for electronic submissions
• ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication
• ACS Style Quick Guide

IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers  (Engineering/Computer Science)

• Used for technical documentation
• Format for journals and conferences
• IEEE Editorial Style Manual

  This style manual provides editorial guidance for IEEE Transactions, Journals, and Letters. It outlines how to divide the parts of a paper, cite figures and tables, and it gives guidelines for specific grammar rules.

• IEEE Citation Guidelines

  IEEE's publication on citation standards covers books, conference technical articles, online sources, periodicals, theses, and more.
• IEEE Article Templates

  This site gives the nitty-gritty details on how to edit, format, and submit a paper for IEEE review and publication.

ASA | American Sociological Association (Sociology)

• Used in sociology journals and publications
• Based on Chicago Author-Date style
• ASA Quick Style Guide

AAA Style | American Anthropological Association (Anthropology)

• Used in anthropology publications
• Based on Chicago Author-Date style
• AAA Publishing Style Guide

APA Style (Psychology, Education, Business)

• Standard for social/behavioral sciences 
• Currently in 7th edition
• See our APA Guide

Key Differences:

• ASA uses authors' full names in references
• AAA requires DOIs for electronic sources  
• APA emphasizes publication dates

AMA | American Medical Association (Medical Sciences)

• Standard for medical journals and publications
• Currently in 11th edition
• Numeric citation system
• Used by JAMA and other medical journals
• AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)

ICMJE | International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (Biomedical)

• International Committee of Medical Journal Editors 
• Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts
• Vancouver referencing system
• Standard for biomedical publications
• (ICMJE) Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals

  Only available online. You may download a pdf version for your use.

NLM | National Library of Medicine (Medical/Health)

• National Library of Medicine format
• Used for medical/health sciences
• Preferred by PubMed Central
• Detailed citation rules for clinical trials

• Citing Medicine, 2nd edition | The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers

   

💡 Pro Tip: Check specific journal requirements as formatting can vary